TOSS THE SALAD/REFRIGERATE: In a large bowl, toss together the romaine with a generous sprinkle of kosher salt and fresh ground pepper, a pinch of crushed red pepper, the tomatoes, onion, pepper, peperoncini, and chopped anchovies, if using. (Don't dress the salad or add the Parm yet.) Refrigerate.
COOK THE TILAPIA: Rinse the tilapia fillets under water and dry carefully with paper towels. Season both sides of each fillet with salt and pepper; set aside. To a medium shallow bowl, add the flour, ⅛ teaspoon each salt and pepper, garlic powder, onion powder, and paprika and stir together. Set aside. Pour the olive oil into a large, nonstick skillet, and heat over medium-high heat. Gently press one fillet at a time (both sides) into the reserved flour mixture and shake off excess. Cook fillets in the hot oil on one side for 4 minutes; turn and cook other side about 3 minutes or until fish is just firm, opaque, and flakes easily. A stovetop grill pan will also work well. (See blog for outdoor grill information.)
ARRANGE THE SALAD: Pull the salad out of the fridge and toss with 3 tablespoons of the dressing (use 4 if you like a heavily dressed salad) and 1/4 cup of the Parmigiano-Reggiano. Divide the salad between large, chilled salad bowls and add a Tilapia fillet to each at center. Drizzle fish fillets with a little more of the Caesar dressing. Grind some black pepper lightly over the salads and sprinkle with the rest of the Parmigiano-Reggiano. Add 1/2 cup croutons to each bowl and serve immediately with lemon wedges, if using. (Store extra salad dressing in a jar in the refrigerator for up to a week.)